The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The European champions seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown featuring the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired two times in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to send the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then stood as the key figure, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 years.